eli5 wtf is phase difference

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I’m studying for my finals and i feel stupid because of that shit please help

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Imagine you and your friend have synced breathing. You both start inhaling at the same moment, and exhaling at the same moment. You have the same frequency, and assuming you breathe in the same volume, then also the same amplitude. Because of the synchronization, also the same “phase.” Let’s call the moment you start inhaling, phase 0, when you finish inhaling, phase 180, which is also when you start exhaling, and phase 360 when you finishing exhaling and start inhaling again. If you friend now starts to inhale when you start to exhale, then when you’re at phase 0, they’re at phase 180. You’re out of phase. The phase difference is 180, which is half of 360, half the cycle. So you’re totally out of phase, opposites, antiphase. If they starts inhaling halfway during your inhalation, that’s 90 phase difference. And so on.

Now consider air volume in your lungs as a variable. If you plot it, you see it going up when you inhale, down when you exhale, a cycle that looks like a wave. Now you can apply this to any wave.

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