Electrocautery has really been the biggest innovation in the OR in the last 40 years. Thyroid surgery, a previously extremely bloody surgery (1 litre was common) was turned into a “bloodless” surgery where blood loss could be as low as 10 mL. Hemostasis on approach is very critical as well. Avoiding blood vessels, identifying them, and ligating them with cautery, silk, or clips drastically lowers blood loss.
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