Ground coffee contains insoluble compounds, but these never actually reach the coffee you drink (unless your filter folds in on itself, hate it when that happens).
So all the parts of a coffee bean that coffee is made of *are* soluble, and if you can isolate these from the insoluble parts – say by running water through some ground beans, and then using a vacuum to cold-boil off the water – you can get a solid that’s fully soluble and contains…. *almost* all the parts of coffee beans that coffee is made of.
Boiling off the water will also boil off any volatile compounds that give coffee a part of its flavour. I’m sure instant coffee companies do their best to try and replace them, but… Well, that’s why instant coffee taste like instant coffee.
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