how are time-zones calculated?
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The general concept is that you pick a region for which the sun is overhead for exactly 1 hour. The sun travels at roughly 15 degrees of longitude per hour, so anything within those 15 degrees is one time zone. The Prime Meridian is the starting mark that everything else is based on.
The real answer, however, is that time zones are created by the laws of individual countries and are relatively arbitrary. For example, in 2015 North Korea shifted it’s time zone by half an hour, becoming the only country at +8:30, because they did not want to align with South Korea. In 2018, only 3 years later, they decided to switch back to +9:00.
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