Because the speed of light limit applies to physical things. A shadow isn’t really a thing. Its a just a region of low light due to something blocking the source.
You can make light “break the speed of light” too. Lets say you had a really powerful laser that you could shine at the moon. You shine it at the moon and approx. 2.6 seconds later you see the dot on the surface (about 1.3 light second journey for the light each way). Now you rapidly move your laser to sweep the dot across the surface. It is easily possible to sweep the laser over fast enough that the dot “moves” across the face of the moon faster than the speed of light. This is possible because you are just moving the point of impact of the light rapidly, but the light itself is still only traveling at 1 c.
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