They take account of things that can go wrong. If nothing goes wrong, which is quite rare, then the filming will be ahead of schedule and under budget. This will often allow them to spend more time in the post production to make the movie even better. If the movie is behind schedule the movie studio might spend more money in hopes to get back on schedule or they might rush things even more and make a lower quality movie that will hit the target date.
The target release date is usually set before the studio spends money on the movie. It is common to release blockbuster movies right before hollidays as then more people will have the time to see the movie. This is why you get summer blockbusters and christmas movies. But less popular movies might also get a lot of views if they are able to time the release date to fall between other movies. So movie studios will set target release dates years in advance and then adjust the filming of the movie to hit that date. In some cases movies might have to wait months after they are finished before they are released.
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