Irons require the shooter to carefully line up two sights, and often have a tradeoff between visibility and precision. The more you can see, the more difficult it is to aim with them, and vice versa. Non-magnification sights get around this problem by using different optical tricks to make it seem like the ‘target’ dot is actually miles away when it is generated by a laser or LED right inside of the optic. The two main examples that come to mind are reflex and holographic sights. Holographic sights use a hologram of a dot or crosshair that is a mile away in order to show you where the gun is pointed. Reflexes use a curved piece of glass to reflect a tiny bit of light back to the observer in such a way that the reflection appears to be miles away and directly in front of the barrel. It is very clever, actually.
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