How do activity trackers know when I’m asleep? How they deduce REM sleep, deep sleep etc?

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How do activity trackers know when I’m asleep? How they deduce REM sleep, deep sleep etc?

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Heart rate monitors combined with the accelerometer (sensor that tells if you’re moving) then put through an algorithm that includes normal sleep patterns. So, you would see the heart rate drop, light movement (non-REM sleep) for 90 minutes, followed by 10 minutes of no movement (REM sleep), then 90 minutes of light movement, 10 minutes of no movement. The algorithm can infer that the 10 minutes periods are REM, but it can’t confirm it. You would need some sort brain wave monitor to be absolutely sure you’re in REM.

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