I get the whole process of shielding the actual bore hole using tubes and concrete as well as the use of mud and air systems to remove debris. But how do the actually get the drill head to turn in the ground and what type of pipe are they using to control/send power down to the head?
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after drilling to the required depth, they pull the drill pipe and drill bit and attach a hydraulic motor that can turn the drill bit independently of the drill pipe. They then run it all back down the hole and proceed to turn the bit while drilling to get it to drill in the appropriate direction. After the turn has been made, they pull the string again and remove the motor, then run the string again to drill straight ahead.
Along the way, they use a series of “measure while drilling” tools to ensure that they are on the right heading/angle. There’s a guy on the surface with a laptop making sure that the bit is going in the right direction.
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