Because the whole job of those bricks is to change the voltage- from whatever the mains voltage is to 5-20V direct current (voltage output depending on what the device you plug in supports).
Since they’re converting the power anyway and these are global companies, it’s easy enough for them to make one conversion system worldwide (designed to handle up to 240V) and just stick different plug cases on them instead of building fully separate components for 120V and 240V countries. They could make separate chargers- the last one I recall that was 120V only was my Nintendo DS charger- but these things are so cheap to manufacture in bulk in may be more expensive to make the separate ones.
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