Batteries are chemical reactions. Some chemical reactions are one way. Once the chemicals have reacted they cant revert to their previous form. Some reactions move both ways. Take two chemicals and put them together and they react and release energy. Then put energy into them and the chemicals split apart into their previous form.
Non-rechargeable batteries, such as alkaline, are a one way reaction.
Rechargeable batteries, such as lithium ion, nickel metal hydride or lead acid, are a two way reaction.
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