Note that all the other answers for anime pertain to international distributers.
In Japan, however, anime doesn’t usually earn money. The point of anime is to advertise and sell more copies of the source material, usually a manga. As long as this happens, it’s considered successful. If an anime actually makes a profit, it’s long term and comes from merchandise sales. This profit is not for the studios who make the anime, they have already been paid by the production committee. Any money the anime eventually makes goes back to the production committee as a return on their investment.
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