How are scientists able design processors with such large amounts of transistors? Do they do it with automation? How is it possible to do something like this at that scale?
In: Physics
A lot of the process is automated and there is a lot of repetition. There is not someone sitting there determining all of the individual transistors needed and where they go. The processor is designed using a block diagram and then modeled using a hardware description language which translates it to a lower level gate design and low level transitor layout.
Additional programs are used to create laser etched glass masks for the lithography part of the fabrication process.
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