Many times, they *do* just wait for something to break. Run a car engine at high RPM constantly for a month, and you’ll know if it fails after 740 hours of use. For a year, almost 9,000 hours.
However, as fun as that is, it isn’t always necessary. If my machine uses some kind of bearing, then I can use math to predict the life of that bearing. The same for most components – we simply already know how they fail, and have good mathematical models for it.
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