How do we know something causes cancer? Aren’t there essentially infinite variables it would be impossible to control for?
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There are a few things that are pretty definitive, such as the link between cigarette smoking and lung cancer, but one of the reasons you have people arguing all the time about what is healthy and what is not is that it’s extremely difficult to control all the outside variables.
I remember for years the experts telling everyone that eating breakfast was healthy. Then they did a few studies, and found people who ate breakfast were healthier. They never considered that saying something is healthy will naturally attract more health conscious people to that thing.
Nowadays, I don’t know many people who still rave about how you have to eat breakfast to be healthy. Coffee and eggs also used to be linked to negative health outcomes.
The argument now seems to be regarding eating meat. However, you run into the same issue. Those regularly consuming highly processed meat products are probably not the most health conscious to begin with.
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