We hear now and then that a new galaxy or star is discovered some “x” light years away. How do we measure this value?
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The red shift is measured. There’s a formula for distance derived from the amount that the light from the star has shifted to the red end of the visible light spectrum. This is known as the Hubble Constant. It is based on the assumption that the universe is constantly expanding and that the farther away an object is from earth the faster it’s moving away from us.
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