Both rockets and jets work by throwing mass out the back at high speed in order to push themselves forward.
The difference is where the mass comes from…in a rocket, all the mass is carried onboard (fuel + oxydizer). In a jet, most of the mass is in the atmosphere (air) and the jet just carries the fuel. The oxydizer is oxygen from the air.
The inner mechanics are quite different but they all follow the “suck/squeeze/bang/blow” format for themal engines.
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