As others have mentioned IFF exists to identify aircraft. But it’s also worth pointing out the launcher isnt operating alone, it’s linked to a detector, usually radar. This is the eyes, it has a computer brain and the iff coming off the contact is part of the information set that makes decisions.
Some missiles then themselves have smaller detector/decision setups and can change their minds after launch
All these things together make them pick legitimate threats out and stop them whacking flocks of birds etc etc
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