Till what I know, AC alternates between positive and negative. How does that to make a flow? How do you connect a postivie and negative if it’s always changing?
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Imagine you want to transmit “work” aka “energy” across a distance. You could use a long pole for example and push that pole from the source to the destination but eventually you run out of pole, right? This is something like what happens with a battery, the energy is transmitted by pushing electrons in one direction only.
You could do something else. You could push the pole then switch to pulling, then pushing then pulling. Consider this movement is what one of your legs might do when peddling a bicycle.
Depending on what you want to do with the energy you might need to translate it from that back and forth form to something else and this is what a “transformer” does. Your phone charger is an example of a transformer.
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