Everyone here is calling them spoilers. They’re literally just called speed brakes. Look at the [speed brakes](https://images.app.goo.gl/bB7wqePWGhPuNgmz7) on an A-10 Thunderbolt II for example. They pop open and literally create a shit ton of drag. Also people aren’t mentioning flaps. Flaps don’t actually slow the aircraft a whole lot, but they create a larger surface area on the wing surface to create more lift with slower speeds so the aircraft can slow down a very substantial amount before landing.
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