Usually when people refer to this, it’s more about short term effects. As far as I know, I don’t think it causes any long-term damage to eyesight.
It does affect our ability to fall asleep. Basically imagine our brain has a light sensor that tells it if it’s daytime or nighttime. If it senses that it’s night, it releases a hormone called melanin, which makes us feel tired and helps us fall asleep. Blue light from electronics trick this “sensor” into thinking it’s daytime, so it doesn’t release enough melanin so we don’t feel as tired and makes it more difficult to fall asleep.
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