How does burned food stick to glass? What’s it holding onto?
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burn food is mostly carbonized. i am not a chemist, but the carbon and silicon are very similar. the glass bonds are silicon -> oxygen bonds sio4 and carbon can form similar bonds. these are uber strong and stable. this is usually not deep so u can technically scrape it with some force or chipping upper layers.
The proteins and carbohydrates in food are glue.
Old-fashioned methods of making glue used the long protein molecules in animal products. Long molecules help the glue stick to itself and the surfaces. Modern glue contents don’t differ much from the old fashioned contents.
When you cook food too well, you evaporate the water so the food glue hardens. The chemical reaction for glue to bind to a surface also increases with temperature. This caused the food to bind to metal and glass surfaces.
Glassware in particular can absorb and hold more heat than it’s metal equivalents (due to it’s greater thickness). This means it can transfer a lot more heat and burn/glue food to it easier than metal.
Nonstick surfaces do not react to form bonds with the food glue. That’s what prevents the sticking.
As far as i can tell the sugars within a food melt and flow out on to the surface basically covering the food in caramel, and caramel is caramel, it stick
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