Gauge as a unit works differently in different contexts. It is, overall, a shitty unit.
In bore measurement for firearms and mostly these days shotguns, it is (and I’m serious) the number of lead spheres of that diameter that you would need to equal one pound. So, a lead ball the size of a 12ga shotgun barrel is 1/12 of a pound.
Wire gauges have a different but also convoluted standard.
Viva la millimeter/inch, down with the gauge.
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