The CPU executes commands. An operating system provides functions that programs need to work, that are so commonly required that no one wants to program them into every program – and which you would not want programmed into every program because of the severity of potential consequences if there are bugs.
So programs get to share resources, like the drives, network, display, etc, by asking the operating system for it. “Draw me an okay cancel dialog box and let me know what the user answers”. That sort of thing.
Ram is where programs are stored when they are being executed.
The CPU is constantly running commands from RAM – read command at memory location 1, then 2, then 5 – like that.
The OS even manages RAm – a user starts a program – the program says “hey OS, I am going to need 345 MB of ram” and the OS then allocated the Ram.
So – how does hardware correlate to software – all program access to hardware is mediated by the operating system.
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