Electrolysis is the name of the chemical reaction. It happens when you put a + and – node inside a solution. Lets say you want to plate silver Ag; well you would need Ag+, so you would need to create a solution that would dissolve the metal Ag into Ag+.
When the electrical current is started the Ag+ will migrate to the negative node and cover it up. So your neg node will be what you want plated.
Of course it’s a lot more complicated than that but thats kinda the gist of it.
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