Precisely *by* being made of fats and oils.
Water is what is called a polar molecule. This basically means there’s one end that is much more negatively charged and another end that’s more positively charged. Water tends to arrange itself so that the negative end of one molecule is pointing toward the positive end of another.
Water is very good at dissolving and washing away other things that are polar. They interact well with water and water is able to carry them away. Non-polar things, like most oils and fats, don’t interact well with water. Soaps contain surfactants, these are molecules that have both a polar and non-polar part of them. They interact well with both water and oils and therefore can help water dissolve and carry away non-polar molecules.
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