Like how does the car know how heavy is the current rainflow? What is the feedback loop involved?
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There are several systems that are commonly used.
1. Variable speed, continuous action, manual control. You wiper controls have several speed settings. You select the speed manually. The wipers oscillate continuously at the speed you selected. The speed of the wiper blade itself is determined by the speed you select.
2. Full speed, intermittent. Every swipe of the blade is done at full speed. Between swipes, the system pauses for some interval. This ensures that the wipers always move quickly but avoids the scenario where they are wiping a dry windshield.
3. Rain sensing: a sensor on the windshield shines light from the backside of the glass and determines whether there is rain, based on reflection and refraction. This system adjusts wiping speed and frequency based on the presence of water. It’s generally only found on premium cars.
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