How exactly does heat increase the kinetic energy of particles?
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One big issue, is that energy is an *abstraction*
It tells you a lot of useful things, with very simple math, but you can’t ever measure energy directly. So you should give up the idea the energy is a actual “thing” but more of a “label”.
So heat, is just the label that we give to a body whose particles move in a disorderly fashion. The more they move the more heat they have. (Actually to be precise heat is how much of the movement of the particles is/can be transferred to another body, but the point stands)
If you consider one single particle, it can’t move disorderly, because relative to itself it always moves straight, so for a single particle we prefer to use the label kinetic energy, because a body whose particles move in an orderly fashion is simply a moving body and not an hot one.
Once again, heat and kinetic energy, are functionally the same thing, just two different names for two facets of the same phenomenon.
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