How solar/wind are converted into energy
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Wind: there is a physical effect called induction where, if you move a wire around a magnet, an electric current will appear inside the wire. So you can build a generator coil that will produce electricity when you spin it. Wind rotates the blades and they spin the coil. This effect is used in almost all electrical generators, from household diesel generators to most types of power plants: in hydroelectric power plants falling water spins the turbine, in coal-powered and even nuclear power plants the heat is used to boil water and steam spins the turbine.
Solar: there is a different physical effect called the photovoltaic effect. Basically, some specific materials just become electrified when they are agitated by sunlight. Absorbed energy goes not just into heat, like in ordinary materials, but also separates electric charges.
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