For an ELI5 explanation, imagine you have a $5 bill, and you swap it for five $1 bills. Now you have more pieces of paper, but each is worth less.
The amount of candy that either can buy the next day or a year later will vary from today. But at the instant of the swap, they can each buy the same amount of candy.
At first you have one Tesla Stock that is currently worth 1300$.
After the August 27 you will have 5 Stocks that are combined worth 1300$.
So after that one Stock is worth 260$.
Tesla is mainly doing that, because the burden of entry for buying a single Stock is extremely high if it costs 1300$ but 260$ is much more manageable and that way they have more potential investors.
Especially on sites like Robinhood this split will boost the amount of people that are willing to buy a Tesla stock.
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