Short answer, yes.
Good ol’ Einstein, remember?
E=mc^2 is, among other things, a measure of how much energy is contained in a given mass of matter.
Edit: that said, atomic weapons do ise special materials – relatively unstable isotopes of uranium (old school) or plutonium. Not unstable in the sense of nitroglycerin, but unstable in that they can relatively easily be used to start and/or fuel a nuclear reaction.
Even so, the energy exchange is no where near 100% efficient – there is a LOT more energy potential in those atoms than is released in a nuclear explosion.
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