If a person is red-green color blind, they have trouble distinguishing between red and green wavelengths of light. And, oversimplifying a bit, if we tell them this is green and this is red, then yes they can tell the two are different. But it’s more like telling the difference between two shades of gray.
Expanding a bit, every color you think you see is actually made up wavelengths of either Red, Blue or Green. Color “blindness” occurs when a person sees one or more of these three colors less distinctly than normal. This can lead to trouble distinguishing between colors.
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