If semen is only 2-5% sperm what is the rest of semen made up and what is it’s purpose, also why do men ejaculate 100-300 million sperm if only one is required to swim to fertilization?

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Like the question says what are the remaining contents of semen. In addition, can sperm survive inside the vagina or anywhere else without the remaining contents of semen. Also how does this compare with the contents in pre ejaculate. If sperm can’t survive without the contents of semen can they survive in the contents of pre ejaculate.

In: Biology

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Seminal fluid contains proteins, sugars, vitamins and other nutrients. Sperm are living cells. They require nutrients to survive their voyage. They also require a medium in which to travel. Without a fluid they wouldn’t be able to travel. It also contains enzymes to counteract vaginal fluids.

The vagina is a hostile environment, very acidic. Many sperm die before making it anywhere near the egg. The sperm is ejaculated at such high velocity that many of them die on impact with the vagina. The sperm must then find a path of least resistant through the acidic vaginal fluids. Many go into a dead end, become surrounded and die. They must then travel up one of two fallopian tubes to reach the egg. Typically only one tube actually contains an egg so half will travel up the wrong tube and die.

Once reaching the egg it doesnt take one sperm to get in. Usually the first sperm to the egg is not the winner. The egg has a protective coating. The tip of the sperm contains enzymes meant to erode the eggs protective coating. The enzymes of one sperm is not sufficient to get through. It will deplete its enzymes, tire out and die. One of the sperm after that will complete the erosion and once one sperm makes it into the egg it sets off a chain reaction that basically solidifies the egg coating preventing any other sperm from getting through. The rest die.

Being a sperm is very dangerous. The fact that you even made it is a miracle.

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