Our bodies evolved to an environment of relative scarcity, not the current one of food availability/surplus (in many places), and it took us very little time to reach this point on a geological time scale.
In the past, like 300k+ years ago, it was not difficult to stay in shape and eat healthy because it was a necessity. People simply didn’t have enough sugar/fats available to need to make healthier choices daily. And they had to exert much more physical energy to survive, they couldn’t sit around all day like people can nowadays, whether it be at a job or during leisure time.
Evolution works slowly to adapt to an environment, but we’ve changed ours so rapidly that the human body hasn’t had time to adjust. Also, as others have pointed out, evolution doesn’t care as much what happens after reproductive age, as most people have already passed on their genes by then (if they do at all), which is the driving force behind natural selection.
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