The law requires all tower operators to allow devices to connect for the purpose of making emergency calls at a minimum. That means that if you’re on T-Mobile and there are no T-Mobile towers around, you “won’t have a signal”, but if you’re in range of an AT&T tower, then you can route your emergency call through the AT&T tower.
If you’re out in the middle of the desert with *no* towers around, then you’re just going to be SOL :
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