Adhesion is one of the crucial parts of bacteria pathogenicity. When a bacteria that lives on your skin dies, it falls off.
But the pure truth is that hand sanitiser doesn’t actually do that much to disinfect your hands. Neither does washing your hands for a few seconds. You need to properly scrub your hands to get at the bacteria that have infiltrated the first cell layers of your skin. Your skin is made up of hundreds of layers of cells, and bacteria sneaks down into the first couple of layers and lives there.
What hand sanitiser does is prevent contact spread. It kills the bacteria and viruses that are on the very surface of your hands, so stops you from literally picking up new bugs from your environment before they have a chance to penetrate the first cell layers of your skin, and stops you from laying them down on new surfaces.
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