The speed of the impact defines the amount of force exerted. Force (Newtons) = Mass (KG) X Acceleration (M/S2).
If you hit an object with the same hammer at a a high speed vs slow speed, the acceleration during the impact (or deceleration of the hammer, but it comes to the same thing) is higher. Since the hammer and the object being hit has the same mass in both scenarios, the one with greater acceleration is exerted upon a strong force
Ex:
F = M X A
S1:
F = 5KG X 5m/s2
F = 25N
S2:
F = 5KG X 10m/s2
F = 50N
50N > 25N so the bigger impact (faster speed) exerted a stronger force
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