NCOs are sergeants (or petty officers or whatever). They are enlisted personnel who have lots of experience. This is in contrast to officers, who in most militaries join directly as officers after having undergone some sort of advanced training.
NCOs are important in that they can basically help soldiers learn how to be better soldiers. An officer trying to help an infantryman is like an MBA trying to help a programmer: they can give high-level advice about tactics and motivation and stuff, but can’t give good advice on how to pack things in your backpack for best balance and accessibility in the field, or which field rations taste best, or that the #3 engine needs more oil than the others.
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