Is there a limit to how bright things can get?
In: Physics
If we start with the assumption space is mostly empty (which it currently is), and also define “brightness” as the energy contained in the photons exiting the object, than the limit to how bright something can be would the the maximum amount of photons that can exist in the same location in space before they create a black hole. Any “brighter” and the photons would collapse space into a black hole and it would be darker.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kugelblitz_(astrophysics)#:~:text=In%20simpler%20terms%2C%20a%20kugelblitz,with%20the%20no%2Dhair%20theorem.
A black hole can only form if there is a gradient in the curvature of space (a difference between locations) so if all of space were equally filled with photons it wouldn’t matter how many there were because they wouldn’t be able to collapse into a black hole and there would be no maximum brightness.
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