“how much” is a very literal concept which is being used to describe something very abstract. The brain learns by constructing algorithms that predict patterns. The more you learn, the more accurate your algorithm. For memories, you only actually store key aspects, and your brain reconstructs the rest as needed, which is also improved the more you challenge your memorization abilities.
So is it possible to fit an algorithm in the brain possible of reconstructing reality? I am not sure. If it were, all knowledge within our reality could be extrapolated. Is our current reality a simulation of just such an extrapolation being performed one layer up? Good question.
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