Sensor size, dslr or (mirrorless system camera) are mostly in full frame, apsc or m43 format (864mm2, 329mm2, 225mm2 Sensor area), while good phone sensor are around 1/2.3” (~30mm2). More area means more light captured and you need less software to reduce image noise, and with correct lens you get a very shallow depth of field (lot of bokeh, portrait mode simulates it with multiple lens on phone).
Another difference is that you can swap lens on the fly, and you have optical zoom, it’s more versatile. But a good lens can cost more than most phones..
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