Think about dominos. The cause for the first domino falling, is you poking it. The cause of the second domino falling, is the first domino falling against it. So the consequence, or effect of the first domino falling, is the second domino falling.
In terms of historical references; in 1939 Nazi Germany invaded Poland. Britain and France had a protection agreement with Poland so they declared war on Germany, which started WWII. So (in this limited scope example) the cause of WWII is Germany attacking Poland. Or the effect/consequence of Nazi Germany attacking Poland is triggering a war with France and England.
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