What are FITS files and why are they used in astronomy?
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FITS is an image file format that was developed by astronomers to fit their specific needs:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FITS
It can store standardized metadata like which part of the sky is in the picture, and when it was taken, parameters of the telescope that affect the image. Also, “it is possible to store x-ray and infrared exposures in the same file”
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