There’s actually not a universally agreed upon scientific answer.
A plausible theory is that aging is primarily caused by accumulating damage to the DNA of cells. Every time a cell divides it has a risk of some damage occuring to the DNA, which can reduce how well the cell functions. Over enough cycles of DNA dividing this can result in a large number of your cells not functioning properly causing many of the processes of aging. This probably explains at least some, and maybe most of the processes of aging
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