Main thing have been already said (tldr: between worker and queen the only difference is the diet). Two others things:
* The eggs which will become queens are laid in special cells, the queen cells. This cells are much more bigger than the normal cells, they have a different shape and they hang on the frame. But if a queen die and there is no queen cells the worker will make one from a normal cell in which there is a larva, and they’ll change its diet.
* The queen can chose if fertilize an egg or not: she has a sack full of sperm that put the sperm in the duct where the egg pass. But how does she decide if she has to fertilize an egg or not? It depends on the diameter of the normal cells in which she’s laying: in cells that are slightly bigger than normal she lays drone egg, in the other cells she lays worker
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