The filibuster is complicated, but it effectively means any senator can require a 2/3 vote for anything in the Senate to move forward. This means anything that is in any way partisan will be filibustered by a senator of the opposing party.
In order to push through Obama judicial nominees, the Democrats changed the rules so no senator can filibuster a judicial nominee, with the exception of the Supreme Court. The Republicans later extended the rule to include the Supreme Court. So now it takes a simple majority to confirm any nomination.
The Democrats want the filibuster back right now so they can block a Supreme Court nominee.
Basically each side loves the filibuster, but only when it helps them. Each side hates it when the other side is using it against them.
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