The idea that merit is the best measure. The one with the most merit wins. That is, the idea/person/etc that is best (by whatever measure one decides to define it) rises to the top.
In a company for example, a true meritocracy would ensure the employees that are most impactful to the business get promoted (vs those who are most liked or best known by the boss). You could also say the best ideas or answers are used (instead of the most senior employee’s idea being used). This is basically never the case, but some are better than others.
An example of the opposite would be how many trades work. Most commercial pilots for example progress with seniority – if you’ve been there longer, you have a better salary, access to fly larger planes, etc. It doesn’t matter if you are a better/safer/skilled pilot.
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