Please ELI5.
In: Technology
* An IP address is like the address of the building you live in
* The subnet mask tells you how many other buildings can be in the same block, suburb, or city (easier to understand with CIDR notation, but that would be ELI15) and also tell you if you need to go through a gateway to visit them
* A gateway is a building through which you can reach other blocks, suburbs, or and cities
Bonus:
* Ports are like apartments in the building
* AS numbers are like ZIP codes
* The Internet is like the postal system
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