Is it like precise like a computer reading data or more down to some cells just happen to react to a particular part of a DNA which starts off some process?
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It’s closer to a computer program.
DNA that’s just sitting there doesn’t do anything. In order to influence the cell it needs to be “unzipped” (split into separate strands) by specialized enzymes so that the DNA can be “read” and used to create proteins. How & when which parts of DNA get read and do something is called epigenetics and it’s *super* complicated, but what each section does is very concrete…different sections of DNA code for different proteins.
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