It’s a general term for making a system which takes feedback from its actions to modify future actions. Things like artificial intelligence, neural networks, and evolutionary algorithms all fall under machine learning.
I’m not entirely sure what you mean by “as opposed to statistics” as they aren’t directly related. Perhaps it implies you can configure a thing to behave based on statistical analysis in a way that it can’t adapt should that analysis differ from actual observed results. Whereas a machine learning system could theoretically take those observed results and dynamically change itself to better align itself to how it should perform in the future. But most machine learning involves some level of statistical analysis to train it in the first place, so they aren’t really mutually exclusive.
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